第62章 分 参考书目说明(1)
欧洲伟大的地理大发现之后，全球各地的互相联系空前紧密了，众多历史学家通过研究跨区域和跨文明的主题而反映了这个事实。{本书首发站}（小说网ianjieme）其中最有趣的是：JohnHParry,EuropeandaWiderWorld,14151715(NewYork,1949);JohnHParry,TheAgeofReconnaissance:Discovery,ExplorationandSettlement,14501650(NewYork,1963);PMAshburn,TheRanksofDeath:AMedicalHistoryoftheConquestofAmerica(NewYork,1947);DonaldFLach,AsiaintheMakingofEurope,multibolume(Chicago,1965--);AGreenfellPrice,TheWesternInvasionsofthePacificandItsContinents:AStudyofMovingFrontiersandChangingLandscapes,15131958(Oxford,1963);JHElliott,TheOldWorldandtheNew,14921650(NewYork,1970);AlfredWCrosby,Jr,TheColumbianExchange:BiologicalandCulturalConsequencesof1492(Westport,Conn,1972);NielsSteensgaard,Carracks,Caravans,andCompanies:theStructuralCrisisintheEuropeanAsianTradeintheEarlySeventeenthCentury(Lund,Sweden,1973);CarloMCipolla,Guns,SailsandEmpires:TechnologicalInnovationandtheEarlyPhasesofEuropeanExpansion,14001700(NewYork,1966);WalterDWymanandCliftonBKroeber,eds,TheFrontierinPerspective(Madison,Wisc,1957);RobertRPalmer,TheAgeofDemocraticRevolution:APoliticalHistoryofEuropeandAmerica,17601800,2vols(Princeton,1959,1964);HansKohn,TheAgeofNationalism:TheFirstEraofGlobalHistory(NewYork,1962);WSandESWoytinsky,WorldPopulationandProduction:TrendsandOutlook(NewYork,1953);和BarringtonMoore,Jr’s引起争议的SocialOrginsofDictatorshipandDemocracy,LordandPeasantintheMakingoftheModernWorld(Boston,1966)
欧洲与西方。过多的著作导致混乱。一部非常流行而且写的很好的通史教材是RobertRPalmerandJoelColton,AHistoryoftheModernWorld5thed(NewYork,1977)以下著作论述了伟大的欧洲帝国：CharlesRBoxer,FourCenturiesofPortugueseExpansion14151825(ChesterSprings,Pa,1961);CHharing,TheSpanishEmpireinAmerica(NewYork,1947);WBWillcox,StarofEmpire:AStudyofBritainasaWorldPower,14851945(NewYork,1950)关于第四个伟大的欧洲帝国法国，我不知道英语世界有任何堪与上述著作相比的论著，但是关于总体情况，参见DKFeildhouse,TheColonialEmpires(NewYork,1966)下列著作论特别述了欧洲内部政治演变：CraneBrinton,AnatomyofRevolution,reved(NewYork,1952);PeterGay,TheEnlightenment,anInterpretation(NewYork,1966);JRPole,PoliticalRepresentationinEnglandandtheOriginsoftheAmericanRepublic(NewYork,1966);EricJHobsbawm,TheAgeofRevolutions17891848(Cleveland,1963)关于法国大革命，GeorgeLefebvre,TheFrenchRevolution,2vols(Cambridge,1965)堪与两位观点相反的一流专家的著作相提并论：AlbertSoboul,TheParisianSans-CulottesandtheFrenchRevolution,179394(Oxford,1964)和AlfredCobban,TheSocialInterpretationoftheFrenchRevolution(Cambridge,1964)关于现代其它重要的转型，PhylisDean,TheFirstIndustrialRevolution(Cambridge,1965);JohnCalpham,TheEconomicDevelopmentofFranceandGermany,18151914,4thed(Cambridge,1936);DavidLanes,PrometheusUnbond(London,1969)和WaltWRostow,TheStagesofEconomicGrowth,(Cambridge,1960)值得推荐。PeterNStearns,EuropeanSocietyinUpheaval(NewYork,1967)和GeorgeMosse,TheCultureofWesternEurope:TheNineteenthandTwentiethCenturies:AnIntroduction(Chicago,1961)分别是各自论述的主题的标准。两次世界大战期间，法国星期了一个独特的历史学派，其代表作是英译本FernandBraudel,TheMediterraneanandtheMediterraneanWorldintheAgeofPhiliptheII,2vols(NewYork,197273)一部杰作和LucienFevre,LifeinRenaissanceFrance(Cambridge,Mass,1977)
比一般著作更有趣的论述欧洲科学、技术和经济的著作包括：AlfredRupertHall,TheScientificRevolution,15001800(Boston,1954);HerbertButterfield,TheOriginsofModernScience,13001800(LondonandNewYork,1957);AbrahamWolfetal,AHistoryofScience,TechnologyandPhilosophyintheSixteenthandSeventeenthCenturies,2nded(NewYork,1951);SirEricAshby,TechnologyandtheAcademics:AnEssayonUniversitiesandtheScientificRevolution(London,1958);JohnFrancisGuimartin,Jr,GunpowdertoGalleys:ChangingTechnologyandMediterraneanWarfareatSeaintheSixteenthCentury(NewYork,1975);FernandBraudel,CapitalismandMaterialLife,1400800(NewYork,1973);JohnUNef,IndustryandGovernmentinFranceandEngland,15401640(Philadelphia,1940);WWRostow,BritishEconomyoftheNineteenthCentury(Oxford,1948)
从现代欧美作者的众多著作中推荐阅读书目是徒劳的：我们现代语言的所有经典著作都在此列。同样，没有很多历史学家阐述了现代文化发展这个主题，所以他们宁可直接阅读原始文本。
俄国历史也许应该给予特别注意，因为本书的大多数读者也许对俄国历史的了解少于对西方世界历史的了解。MichaelTFlorinski,Russia:AHistoryandInterpretation,2vols(NewYork,195354),是一本好书。JaneHarrisonandHopeMirrlees,trs,TheLifeoftheArchpriestAvvakumbyHimself(London,1924)为读者提供了洞悉一名“旧信仰者”内心的精确而简明论述。非常有趣的其它著作是：JamesBillington,TheIconandtheAxe:AninterpretiveHistoryofRussianCulture(NewYork,1966);OttoHoetzsch,TheEvolutionofRussia(NewYork,1966);RaymondHFischer,TheRussianFurTrade,15501700(Berkeley,1943);WEDAllen,TheUkraine:AHistory(Cambridge,1940)JeromeBlum,LordandPeasantinRussia(Princeton,1961)在第二部分参考书目说明中已经提及。两部有趣的著作追溯了俄国与中国关系的历史：JohnFBaddeley,Russia,MongoliaandChina2vols(London,1919)和MichaelNPavlovsky,ChineseRussianRelations(NewYork,1949)